Ruijia Chen, ScD

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I am a social epidemiologist by training. I received my master's degree in Social Policy from University of Pennsylvania and my doctoral degree in Social Epidemiology from Harvard University. My research focuses on social determinants of cognitive aging. Under this research area, I am involved in three lines of research:

Psychosocial Stressors and Resilience Across the Lifecourse:
My initial research line explores the impact of psychosocial stressors and resilience throughout one's life, ranging from early childhood experiences to elder abuse, on cognitive aging. This includes examining cumulative effects and identifying the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying these relationships. My publications in Social Science and Medicine and the Journal of Gerontology Series A highlight that stress exposures across the lifecourse are linked to diminished cognitive function in late life. Furthermore, these stress exposures help elucidate racial disparities in cognitive function.

Methodological Approaches in Longitudinal Cognitive Aging Research:
In the second line of my research, I focus on methodological challenges in longitudinal cognitive aging studies, particularly addressing practice effects—improvements in cognitive test performance due to repeated exposures to the same materials. A paper published in Alzheimer & Dementia outlines an approach I developed to account for practice effects in the presence of mode and period effects.

Disparities in the Impact of ADRD on Older Adults:
My third research line centers on understanding disparities in the impact of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) on older adults. Social factors influence both who develops ADRD and vulnerability of those individuals to other threats to their health and well-being. In a publication in JAMA Neurology, I found significant increases in mortality, attributed to ADRD as an underlying or contributing cause, were observed in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, these increases were notably reduced in the second pandemic year, with the most pronounced declines occurring in deaths within nursing home/long-term care settings. These findings highlight the vulnerability of older adults with ADRD during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Publications: 

Association of cancer history with structural brain aging markers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Wang J, Sims KD, Ackley SF, Chen R, Kobayashi LC, Hayes-Larson E, Mayeda ER, Buto P, Zimmerman SC, Graff RE, Glymour MM

Timing and level of educational attainment and late-life cognition in the KHANDLE study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Soh Y, Whitmer RA, Mayeda ER, Glymour MM, Eng CW, Peterson RL, George KM, Chen R, Quesenberry CP, Mungas DM, DeCarli CS, Gilsanz P

Excess Mortality With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias as an Underlying or Contributing Cause During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US.

JAMA neurology

Chen R, Charpignon ML, Raquib RV, Wang J, Meza E, Aschmann HE, DeVost MA, Mooney A, Bibbins-Domingo K, Riley AR, Kiang MV, Chen YH, Stokes AC, Glymour MM

Pragmatic approaches to handling practice effects in longitudinal cognitive aging research.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Chen R, Calmasini C, Swinnerton K, Wang J, Haneuse S, Ackley SF, Hirst AK, Hayes-Larson E, George KM, Peterson R, Soh Y, Barnes LL, Mayeda ER, Gilsanz P, Mungas DM, Whitmer RA, Corrada MM, Glymour MM

Estimated Effects of Amyloid Reduction on Cognitive Change: A Bayesian Update across a Range of Priors.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Ackley SF, Wang J, Chen R, Power MC, Allen IE, Glymour MM

COVID-19 Mortality by Race and Ethnicity in US Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas, March 2020 to February 2022.

JAMA network open

Lundberg DJ, Wrigley-Field E, Cho A, Raquib R, Nsoesie EO, Paglino E, Chen R, Kiang MV, Riley AR, Chen YH, Charpignon ML, Hempstead K, Preston SH, Elo IT, Glymour MM, Stokes AC

Lifespan psychosocial stressors, optimism, and hemodynamic acute stress response in a national sample.

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

Lee LO, Chen R, Mendes WB, Kubzansky LD

The Mediating Roles of Neurobiomarkers in the Relationship Between Education and Late-Life Cognition.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

Amofa-Ho PA, Stickel AM, Chen R, Kobayashi LC, Glymour MM, Eng CW, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

A life course approach to understanding stress exposures and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Chen R, Williams DR, Nishimi K, Slopen N, Kubzansky LD, Weuve J

Dynamics of racial disparities in all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Aschmann HE, Riley AR, Chen R, Chen YH, Bibbins-Domingo K, Stokes AC, Glymour MM, Kiang MV

Are coping strategies and variability in their use associated with lifespan?

Journal of psychosomatic research

Trudel-Fitzgerald C, Chen R, Lee LO, Kubzansky LD

COVID-19 mortality and excess mortality among working-age residents in California, USA, by occupational sector: a longitudinal cohort analysis of mortality surveillance data.

The Lancet. Public health

Chen YH, Riley AR, Duchowny KA, Aschmann HE, Chen R, Kiang MV, Mooney AC, Stokes AC, Glymour MM, Bibbins-Domingo K

Excess Mortality in California by Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

American journal of preventive medicine

Chen YH, Matthay EC, Chen R, DeVost MA, Duchowny KA, Riley AR, Bibbins-Domingo K, Glymour MM

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Estimated Excess Mortality From External Causes in the US, March to December 2020.

JAMA internal medicine

Chen R, Aschmann HE, Chen YH, Glymour MM, Bibbins-Domingo K, Stokes AC, Kiang MV

Excess natural-cause deaths in California by cause and setting: March 2020 through February 2021.

PNAS Nexus

Chen YH, Stokes AC, Aschmann HE, Chen R, DeVost S, Kiang MV, Koliwad S, Riley AR, Glymour MM, Bibbins-Domingo K

Effects of Induced Optimism on Subjective States, Physical Activity, and Stress Reactivity.

The Journal of Positive Psychology

Chen R, Del Rosario K, Lockman A, Boehm J, Bousquet Santos K, Siegel E, Berry Mendes W, Kubzansky LD

Racial Disparities in Cognitive Function Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: The Roles of Cumulative Stress Exposures Across the Life Course.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Chen R, Weuve J, Misra S, Cuevas A, Kubzansky LD, Williams DR

Former Inpatient Psychiatric Patients' Past Experiences With Traditional Frontline Staff and Their Thoughts on the Benefits of Peers as Part of Frontline Staff.

Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services

Shields MC, Trinh NT, Borba CPC, Chen R, Reddy AK, Singer SJ

Psychological resilience predicting cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood in the Midlife in the United States Study.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Nishimi KM, Koenen KC, Coull BA, Chen R, Kubzansky LD

A sad heart: Depression and favorable cardiovascular health in Brazil.

Preventive medicine

Bousquet-Santos K, Chen R, Kubzansky LD

Discrimination and systemic inflammation: A critical review and synthesis.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Cuevas AG, Ong AD, Carvalho K, Ho T, Chan SWC, Allen JD, Chen R, Rodgers J, Biba U, Williams DR

Assessing the Role of Health Behaviors, Socioeconomic Status, and Cumulative Stress for Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Obesity.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

Cuevas AG, Chen R, Slopen N, Thurber KA, Wilson N, Economos C, Williams DR

Psychosocial Stress and Overweight and Obesity: Findings From the Chicago Community Adult Health Study.

Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine

Cuevas AG, Chen R, Thurber KA, Slopen N, Williams DR

Racial and ethnic differences in individual-level and area-based socioeconomic status and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders.

Journal of psychiatric research

Chen R, Kessler RC, Sadikova E, NeMoyer A, Sampson NA, Alvarez K, Vilsaint CL, Green JG, McLaughlin KA, Jackson JS, Alegría M, Williams DR

Racial/ethnic differences in 12-month prevalence and persistence of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders: Variation by nativity and socioeconomic status.

Comprehensive psychiatry

Vilsaint CL, NeMoyer A, Fillbrunn M, Sadikova E, Kessler RC, Sampson NA, Alvarez K, Green JG, McLaughlin KA, Chen R, Williams DR, Jackson JS, Alegría M

Risk Factors of Elder Abuse

Elder Abuse: Research, Practice and Policy

Ruijia Chen, Xinqi Dong

Elder Mistreatment in U.S. Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Women.

Violence against women

Dong X, Chen R, Simon MA

The association between filial piety and suicidal ideation: findings from a community-dwelling Chinese aging population.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Simon MA, Chen R, Chang ES, Dong X

Anxiety among community-dwelling U.S. Chinese older adults.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Dong X, Chen R, Simon MA

The prevalence of medical conditions among U.S. Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Dong X, Chen R, Simon MA

Experience of discrimination among U.S. Chinese older adults.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Dong X, Chen R, Simon MA

The perception of social support among U.S. Chinese older adults: findings from the PINE Study.

Journal of aging and health

Chen R, Simon MA, Chang ES, Zhen Y, Dong X

Suicidal ideation in an older U.S. Chinese population.

Journal of aging and health

Dong X, Chen R, Wong E, Simon MA

Elder abuse and dementia: a review of the research and health policy.

Health affairs (Project Hope)

Dong X, Chen R, Simon MA

The Law and Ethics of Dementia

Physical, Financial and other Abuse

Ruijia Chen, E-Shien Chang, Melissa Simon and XinQi Dong